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It is not enough to reduce CO2 emissions.
It is not enough to get to zero emissions.
We need to get to negative emissions.
The Paris Agreement, a landmark agreement signed by all 197 member countries of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC), aims to combat climate change by keeping global temperatures well below 2°C above pre-industrial times and, if possible, below 1.5°C.
Why does 1.5°C matter? According to climate scientists, a 1.5°C increase is the limit required to avoid the worst impacts of climate change.
Climate models describe how much warming we can expect in different emissions reductions scenarios. 1.5 degrees C is now an incredibly optimistic target that would require unprecedented reduction There's international agreement around 2 degrees C as maximum acceptable risk.
With that in mind; there are two general approaches to keep warming to below a certain level:
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Reducing emissions
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Removing previous emissions from the sky
We need to do both. Gone are the days where optimistic emissions reductions kept us below a 2-degree warming target.
What is carbon capture and storage?
Is taking CO2 out of the sky. One of the ways for doing this are plant based solutions that’s leverage on plant’s capacity to capture carbon via photosynthesis and the energy of the sun. Solutions in this category include (re)forestation, soil carbon sequestration, algae/kelp farming, and growing bamboos, among other options.
CARBON
CAPTURE
UTILIZATION
Alternatively, the carbon or CO2 captured can also be utilized. Some utilization mechanisms can be considered negative emissions/long-term sequestration, e.g. using the CO2 to cure cement. Producing bamboo wood, bamboo wood stuff and using Biochar as a fertilizer are different ways of using the carbon captured.
STORAGE
(SEQUESTRATION)
Sequestering it means permanently removing the CO2 from the carbon cycle, and literally reducing the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere. This can be done by injecting the CO2 injected underground into an oil well, salt dome, or saline aquifer. The sequestration of carbon can also be done producing Biochar.
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